Volume 8 Issue 2
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Moreno-Atanasio, R., Williams, R. A., & Jia, X. (2010). Combining X-ray microtomography with computer simulation for analysis of granular and porous materials. Particuology, 8(2), 81-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2010.01.001
Combining X-ray microtomography with computer simulation for analysis of granular and porous materials
Roberto Moreno-Atanasio, Richard A. Williams *, Xiaodong Jia 
Institute of Particle Science and Engineering, School of Process, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
10.1016/j.partic.2010.01.001
Volume 8, Issue 2, April 2010, Pages 81-99
Received 30 July 2009, Accepted 13 January 2010, Available online 11 February 2010.
E-mail: r.a.williams@leeds.ac.uk

Highlights
Abstract

The use of X-ray microtomographic (XMT) methods in analysing particulate systems has expanded rapidly in recent years with the availability of affordable desk-top apparatus. This review presents a summary of the major applications in which computer simulations are explicitly coupled with XMT in the area of granular and porous materials. We envisage two main ways of establishing the coupling between both techniques, based on the transference or exchange of information by using physical or geometrical parameters (i.e. a parametric link through fitting to a process model) or through the direct use of 3D XMT digital images (i.e. comparing image pixels and features directly). Examples of coupled applications are shown for the study of transport properties of rocks, particle packing, mechanical loading and sintering. Often, the link between XMT and computer simulations is based on visual comparisons and we conclude that the use of quantitative parameters such as the number of interparticle contacts, force networks or granule shape to link both techniques is still underrepresented in the literature. Strategies to provide a more robust and quantitative approach to optimise the information obtained from such tomography analyses are proposed.

Graphical abstract
Keywords
DEM, discrete (distinct) element method; LBM, lattice Boltzmann method; MC, Monte Carlo simulation; RWS, random walk simulation; VoF, volume of fluid method; XMT, X-ray microtomography