Technical challenges in tackling regulatory concerns for urban atmospheric nanoparticles--颗粒学报PARTICUOLOGY

Kumar, P., Robins, A., Vardoulakis, S., & Quincey, P. (2011). Technical challenges in tackling regulatory concerns for urban atmospheric nanoparticles. Particuology, 9(6), 566–571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2011.06.002

Technical challenges in tackling regulatory concerns for urban atmospheric nanoparticles

Prashant Kumar ^{a b *}, Alan Robins ^b, Sotiris Vardoulakis ^c, Paul Quincey ^d

a Division of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences (FEPS), University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
b Environmental Flow (EnFlo) Research Centre, FEPS, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
c Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Health Protection Agency, Chilton, Oxon OX11 0RQ, United Kingdom
d Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom

10.1016/j.partic.2011.06.002

Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2011, Pages 566-571

Received 14 August 2010, Revised 23 May 2011, Accepted 23 June 2011, Available online 17 September 2011.

E-mail: P.Kumar@surrey.ac.uk; Prashant.Kumar@cantab.net

Highlights

Abstract

Recent Euro 5 and Euro 6 vehicle emission standards are the first ever initiative to control particles on a number basis at the source. Related standards are also desirable for ambient nanoparticles (taken in this article to be those below 300 nm) to protect against possible adverse effects on public health and the environment. However, there are a number of technical challenges that need to be tackled before developing a regulatory framework for atmospheric nanoparticles. Some of the challenges derive from a lack of standardisation of the key measurement parameters, including sampling, necessary for robust evaluation of particle number concentrations, especially in the context of insufficient knowledge of the physicochemical characteristics of emerging sources (i.e. bio-fuel derived and manufactured nanoparticles). Ideally, ambient concentrations of primary particles could be linked to primary particle emissions by use of nanoparticle dispersion models, and secondary nanoparticles using photochemical modeling tools. The limitations in these areas are discussed. Although there is inadequate information on the exact biological mechanism through which these particles cause harm, it is argued that this should not in itself delay the introduction of regulation. This article reviews the missing links between the existing knowledge of nanoparticle number concentrations and the advances required to tackle the technical challenges implied in developing regulations.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Airborne and manufactured nanoparticles; Particle number concentrations; Size distributions; Street canyons; Ultrafine particles; Vehicle emissions

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