An evaluation of mass, number concentration, chemical composition and types of particles in a cafeteria before and after the passage of an antismoking law--颗粒学报PARTICUOLOGY

Pey, J., van Drooge, B. L., Ripoll, A., Moreno, T., Grimalt, J. O., Querol, X., & Alastuey, A. (2013). An evaluation of mass, number concentration, chemical composition and types of particles in a cafeteria before and after the passage of an antismoking law. Particuology, 11(5), 527–532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2013.02.007

An evaluation of mass, number concentration, chemical composition and types of particles in a cafeteria before and after the passage of an antismoking law

Jorge Pey ^{a b *}, Barend L. van Drooge ^b, Anna Ripoll ^b, Teresa Moreno ^b, Joan O. Grimalt ^b, Xavier Querol ^b, Andrés Alastuey ^b

a Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region, via S. Costanza, 53, 00198 Rome, Italy
b Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDÆA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain

10.1016/j.partic.2013.02.007

Volume 11, Issue 5, October 2013, Pages 527-532

Received 12 September 2012, Revised 7 February 2013, Accepted 27 February 2013, Available online 16 June 2013.

E-mail: jorge.pey@univ-amu.fr

Highlights

• Toxic and carcinogenic compounds were abated 90% after antismoking law.

• Toxic and carcinogenic compounds were found mostly in fine size fraction.

• Ventilation reduced mass concentration but increased number concentration.

• La–Ce spherules from lighters were identified as tracers of tobacco smoke activity.

Abstract

This study assessed air quality indicators before and after enactment of the Spanish anti-smoking law. Mass and number concentrations and the chemical composition of particles were evaluated. Microscopy analyses were also conducted. Real time concentrations of PM₁₀, PM_2.5, PM₁ and ultrafine particles were measured under ventilated and non-ventilated conditions and PM₁₀ samples were collected for detailed inorganic and organic chemical characterization. Before enactment of the law in 2010, tobacco smoke produced significant indoor ambient particulate matter pollution, with elevated particulate matter mass concentrations (PM₁₀ and PM₁ concentrations of 122–220 and 48–85 μg/m³, respectively) and ultrafine particle numbers (75,000 and 48,000 cm^–3 under ventilated and non-ventilated conditions, respectively). Typical tobacco smoke tracers including iso- and anteiso-alkanes and elements including La and Ce from the ignition of lighters were abundant. Additionally, several toxic substances derived from tobacco smoke, including Cd (3.1 ng/m³) and benzo[a]pyrene (1.0 ng/m³) were present at concentrations approximately 10 times greater than those measured after enactment of the anti-smoking law. The anti-smoking law significantly reduced exposure to potentially toxic compounds by approximately 90%. This law is expected to have a positive health impact, particularly for people who spend considerable time in affected environments, such as employees.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Indoor air; Particulate matter; Ultrafine particles; Nucleation; Coagulation–condensation; Environmental tobacco smoke

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