Effect of sample size on the response of DEM samples with a realistic grading--颗粒学报PARTICUOLOGY

Huang, X., Hanley, K. J., O’Sullivan, C., & Kwok, F. C. Y. (2014). Effect of sample size on the response of DEM samples with a realistic grading. Particuology, 15, 107–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2013.07.006

Effect of sample size on the response of DEM samples with a realistic grading

Xin Huang ^{a b}, Kevin J. Hanley ^a *, Catherine O'Sullivan ^a, Fiona C.Y. Kwok ^b

a Skempton Building, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
b Haking Wong Building, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China

10.1016/j.partic.2013.07.006

Volume 15, August 2014, Pages 107-115

Received 26 February 2013, Revised 31 May 2013, Accepted 10 July 2013, Available online 27 September 2013.

E-mail: k.hanley@imperial.ac.uk

Highlights

• The triaxial compression behaviour of DEM samples bounded periodically and by rigid walls is compared.

• Samples bounded with rigid walls are stiffer and more dilative.

• The heterogeneity of the rigid-wall samples was reduced with increasing sample size.

• The positions of the critical state lines were sensitive to the sample size.

• The ultimate strength of the material was independent of sample size.

Abstract

This paper shows that for DEM simulations of triaxial tests using samples with a grading that is representative of a real soil, the sample size significantly influences the observed material response. Four DEM samples with identical initial states were produced: three cylindrical samples bounded by rigid walls and one bounded by a cubical periodic cell. When subjected to triaxial loading, the samples with rigid boundaries were more dilative, stiffer and reached a higher peak stress ratio than the sample enclosed by periodic boundaries. For the rigid-wall samples, dilatancy increased and stiffness decreased with increasing sample size. The periodic sample was effectively homogeneous. The void ratio increased and the contact density decreased close to the rigid walls. This heterogeneity reduced with increasing sample size. The positions of the critical state lines (CSLs) of the overall response in e-log p′ space were sensitive to the sample size, although no difference was observed between their slopes. The critical states of the interior regions of the rigid-wall-bounded samples approached that of the homogeneous periodic sample with increasing sample size. The ultimate strength of the material at the critical state is independent of sample size.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Discrete element method; Sample size; Rigid boundary; Periodic boundary; Critical state

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