DEM analysis of the effect of electrostatic interaction on particle mixing for carrier-based dry powder inhaler formulations--颗粒学报PARTICUOLOGY

Yang, J., Wu, C.-Y., & Adams, M. (2015). DEM analysis of the effect of electrostatic interaction on particle mixing for carrier-based dry powder inhaler formulations. Particuology, 23, 25-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2014.12.007

DEM analysis of the effect of electrostatic interaction on particle mixing for carrier-based dry powder inhaler formulations

Jiecheng Yang ^{a b *}, Chuan-Yu Wu ^b, Michael Adams ^a

a School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
b Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK

10.1016/j.partic.2014.12.007

Volume 23, December 2015, Pages 25-30

Received 1 July 2014, Revised 23 November 2014, Accepted 18 December 2014, Available online 13 April 2015, Version of Record 2 December 2015.

E-mail: jxy147@bham.ac.uk; yangjiecheng1113@gmail.com

Highlights

• Effect of electrostatic force on particle mixing in a vibrating container was examined using DEM.

• The contact number increased with increasing charge and with decreasing vibration strength.

• Influences of electrostatic and van der Waals forces on particle mixing were compared.

Abstract

Particle interactions play a significant role in controlling the performance of dry powder inhalers (DPIs), which mainly arise through van der Waals potentials, electrostatic interactions, and capillary forces. Our aim is to investigate the influence of electrostatic charge on the performance of DPIs as a basis for improving the formulation of the particle ingredients. The mixing process of carrier and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) particles in a vibrating container is investigated using a discrete element method (DEM). The number of API particles attaching to the carrier particle (i.e., contact number) increases with increasing charge and decreases with increasing container size. The contact number decreases with increasing vibrational velocity amplitude and frequency. Moreover, a mechanism governed by the electrostatic force is proposed for the mixing process. This mechanism is different from that previously proposed for the mixing process governed by van der Waals forces, indicating that long-range and short-range adhesive forces can result in different mixing behaviours.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Electrostatic; Particle mixing; Dry powder inhaler; Discrete element method

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