Volume 24
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Ma, X., Ning, G., Qi, C., & Gao, J. (2016). One-step synthesis of basic magnesium sulfate whiskers by atmospheric pressure reflux. Particuology, 24, 191-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2015.03.004
One-step synthesis of basic magnesium sulfate whiskers by atmospheric pressure reflux
Xinlong Ma, Guoqing Ning *, Chuanlei Qi, Jinsen Gao
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
10.1016/j.partic.2015.03.004
Volume 24, February 2016, Pages 191-196
Received 8 August 2014, Revised 19 March 2015, Accepted 21 March 2015, Available online 20 June 2015, Version of Record 21 January 2016.
E-mail: ngq@cup.edu.cn

Highlights

• 5Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·3H2O (513MOS) whiskers were synthesized by an atmospheric pressure reflux method.

• Long reaction time and high MgSO4 concentration were necessary under gentle reaction conditions.

• The growth of 513MOS whiskers is a relatively slow liquid phase deposition process.

• Porous MgO whiskers were derived via 1,020 °C calcination from 513MOS whiskers.


Abstract

We have developed a one-step process for the synthesis of basic magnesium sulfate (5Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·3H2O, abbreviated as 513MOS) whiskers from MgSO4·7H2O and MgO by refluxing at atmospheric pressure. The process shows potential for the low-cost mass production of controlled-structure whiskers. Their 0.3–1.0 μm diameter and 40–80 μm length correspond to an aspect ratio of 40–260. The 513MOS whisker morphology is related closely to MgSO4 concentration and reflux time. The optimized MgSO4 concentration is 1.2–1.5 mol/L with a 25–30 h reflux time. X-ray diffractometry revealed that the b-axis is the predominant growth direction of the whiskers. Their growth mechanism is by the relatively slow liquid-phase deposition of Mg2+, OH, and SO42–. The long reaction time and high MgSO4 concentration are conducive to the formation of 513MOS whiskers under gentle reaction conditions. Porous MgO whiskers with a fibrous structure were obtained after calcination of the 513MOS whiskers at 1020 °C.

Graphical abstract
Keywords
Basic magnesium sulfate; Whiskers; Atmospheric pressure reflux; Growth mechanism