Controllable synthesis of Li3PO4 hollow nanospheres for the preparation of high performance LiFePO4 cathode material--颗粒学报PARTICUOLOGY

Bi, J., Zhang, T., Wang, K., Zhong, B., & Luo, G. (2016). Controllable synthesis of Li3PO4 hollow nanospheres for the preparation of high performance LiFePO4 cathode material. Particuology, 24, 142-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2015.05.001

Controllable synthesis of Li₃PO₄ hollow nanospheres for the preparation of high performance LiFePO₄ cathode material

Jiaying Bi ^{a b}, Tongbao Zhang ^a, Kai Wang ^a, Benhe Zhong^b, Guangsheng Luo ^{a *}

a The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
b School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China

10.1016/j.partic.2015.05.001

Volume 24, February 2016, Pages 142-150

Received 19 March 2015, Revised 24 May 2015, Accepted 25 May 2015, Available online 29 July 2015, Version of Record 21 January 2016.

E-mail: gsluo@tsinghua.edu.cn

Highlights

• Li₃PO₄ hollow nanospheres were synthesized through a micro-dispersion technique.

• The effects of operation parameters on purity and morphology of the product was investigated.

• LiFePO₄ hollow nanospheres were synthesized from hollow Li₃PO₄ via a solvothermal route.

• The synthesized hollow LiFePO₄/C nanospheres exhibited good electrochemical performance.

• A possible mechanism for fast formation of hollow structured Li₃PO₄ was proposed.

Abstract

Lithium phosphate hollow nanospheres were prepared in a membrane dispersion microreactor using aqueous phosphoric acid and lithium hydroxide solutions as reactants. The influences of reactant flow rate ratio and temperature on the purity and morphology of the prepared nanospheres were investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that nanospheres prepared in the continuous flow condition had a hollow interior structure with high crystallinity. A possible mechanism for the formation of this hollow structured Li₃PO₄ was also proposed. Using Li₃PO₄ hollow nanospheres as the precursor, LiFePO₄ hollow nanospheres were successfully synthesized via a solvothermal route in ethylene glycol. After coating with carbon, the LiFePO₄/C hollow nanospheres exhibited excellent electrochemical performance, especially at high rates, and could discharge124 mAh/g at 10 C, and even 98 mAh/g at 40 C.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Lithium phosphate; Hollow sphere; Microreactor; Lithium iron phosphate

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