Thermal properties, structure, and morphology of discontinuous solid solutions between phenanthrene and carbazole--颗粒学报PARTICUOLOGY

Zhang, Z., Wang, C., Huang, Y., Zhou, L., & Yin, Q. (2021). Thermal properties, structure, and morphology of discontinuous solid solutions between phenanthrene and carbazole. Particuology, 54, 156-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2020.04.006

Thermal properties, structure, and morphology of discontinuous solid solutions between phenanthrene and carbazole

Zaixiang Zhang ^{a b}, Chang Wang ^{a b}, Yaohui Huang^{a b}, Ling Zhou ^{a b}, Qiuxiang Yin^{a b *}

a School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
b The Co-Innovation Centre of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

10.1016/j.partic.2020.04.006

Volume 54, February 2021, Pages 156-163

Received 16 February 2020, Revised 3 April 2020, Accepted 13 April 2020, Available online 19 June 2020, Version of Record 28 January 2021.

E-mail: qxyin@tju.edu.cn

Highlights

• The solid solutions of phenanthrene-carbazole were synthesized with different methods.

• Thermal properties, crystal structure of solid solutions were explored.

• The lattice energy deviation was employed to elaborate the type of solid solutions.

• The crystal morphology was similar to their host part.

Abstract

Two methods, namely solid-state grinding and solution crystallization, were used to prepare discontinuous solid solutions of phenanthrene (PHE)-carbazole (CAR) with different PHE and CAR molar fractions. The thermal properties and structure of the solid solutions were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry, hot stage microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction, and the experimental results revealed that the two compounds could form discontinuous solid solutions where PHE and CAR alternately acted as the host and guest with limited range. This was demonstrated using molecular simulations based on lattice energy calculations using the Materials Studio 8.0 software. The crystal morphology and solubility of the solid solution changed significantly as the molar fraction of the guest molecules changed.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Solid solution; Thermal proprieties; Structure; Morphology

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