Long term exposure to ambient air particulate matter and mortality effects in Megacity of Tehran, Iran: 2012

Fazlzadeh, M., Rostami, R., Yousefian, F., Yunesian, M., & Janjani, H. (2021). Long term exposure to ambient air particulate matter and mortality effects in Megacity of Tehran, Iran: 2012–2017. Particuology, 58, 139-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2021.01.017

Long term exposure to ambient air particulate matter and mortality effects in Megacity of Tehran, Iran: 2012–2017

Mehdi Fazlzadeh ^{a 1}, Roohollah Rostami ^{b 1}, Fatemeh Yousefian ^c, Masud Yunesian ^{c d}^*, Hosna Janjani ^c *

a Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
b Research Center for Health Sciences and Technologies, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
c Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
d Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

10.1016/j.partic.2021.01.017

Volume 58, October 2021, Pages 139-146

Received 28 June 2020, Revised 20 January 2021, Accepted 24 January 2021, Available online 18 March 2021, Version of Record 28 April 2021.

E-mail: Yunesian@tums.ac.ir; Janjanih@razi.tums.ac.ir

Highlights

• PM_2.5 is expected to be a major influencing factor in the increased cause-specific deaths.

• The same source for PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ in the ambient air of Tehran was observed.

• The lag effects of PMs on mortality up to 15 days of exposure was found.

Abstract

Ambient particulate matter (PM) is the major environmental concern in Tehran, Iran. Exposure to such particles is a serious global health concern and substantial evidence indicates that exposure to particulate matter contributes to cardiovascular and respiratory disease. Here, we provide a detailed health impact of ambient air pollution in Tehran by linking PM pollution with mortality caused by cardiovascular and respiratory disease. Air quality data of PM obtained from Tehran Air Quality Monitoring Stations (TAQMSs) during 2012–2017. Data mining methods conducted by Spatio-temporal outlier detection and “Air Pollution and Health: a European Approach (APHEA) project” was applied to impute missing values. Time-series data were analyzed to estimate the associations between PM pollution and cause-specific mortality at different lags in Tehran. Based on descriptive analysis, PM_2.5 is expected to be a major influencing factor in the increased cardiovascular-related death (CVD) and respiratory dysfunction related death (RD) deaths. The cross-correlation analysis showed the same source for PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ in the ambient air of Tehran. Also, the results indicated delays of about 7–15 days from the increased concentrations of PMs and the observed rising in CVD and RD death. Trend analysis showed a more decreasing trend for PM_2.5 pollutions than PM₁₀ pollution and a slightly increasing trend for cause-specific deaths during 2012–2017. Long term exposure to high PM levels increases the CVD and RD deaths and control strategies along with control regulations should be considered to control PM.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Air pollution; Particulate matter; Cardiovascular related death; Respiratory dysfunction related death; Tehran

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