Engineering lattice defects in 2D nanomaterials for enhancing biomedical performances (Open Access)--颗粒学报PARTICUOLOGY

Qi, Z., Li, L., & Xu, Z. P. (2022). Engineering lattice defects in 2D nanomaterials for enhancing biomedical performances. Particuology, 64, 121-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2021.06.005

Engineering lattice defects in 2D nanomaterials for enhancing biomedical performances (Open Access)

Zhi Qi, Li Li ^*, Zhi Ping Xu ^*

Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia

10.1016/j.partic.2021.06.005

Volume 64, May 2022, Pages 121-133

Received 6 April 2021, Revised 10 May 2021, Accepted 14 June 2021, Available online 30 June 2021, Version of Record 17 December 2021.

E-mail: l.li2@uq.edu.au; gordonxu@uq.edu.au

Highlights

• 2D nanomaterials have unique characteristics for biomedical applications.

• Defect-rich 2D nanomaterials have higher imaging capacity and therapeutic efficacy.

• 2D nanomaterials’ defects can be engineered using some specific strategies.

Abstract

2D nanomaterials are widely investigated for biomedical applications, attributed to their large specific surface area, high therapeutic loading capacity, and unique optical, thermal, and/or electronic characteristics. Lattice defects affect the theranostic performance of 2D nanomaterials significantly by altering their electronic properties and chemical binding. Recent investigations have shown that defect-rich 2D nanomaterials are capable of enhancing tumor treatment through efficient drug delivery, photothermal and photodynamic therapies (PTT and PDT), and improving diagnostics via computed tomography (CT), photoacoustic and magnetic resonance imaging. This review summarizes recent progresses, including synthesis, characterization approach, and applications of defect-engineered 2D nanomaterials that are potentially useful in cancer treatment. The expert opinions are also proposed as the conclusion.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

2D nanomaterials; Engineering lattice defects; Cancer theranostics; Phototherapy

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