Size-fractionated carbonaceous particles and climate effects in the eastern region of Myanmar--颗粒学报PARTICUOLOGY

Suan Tial, M. K., Kyi, N. N., Amin, M., Hata, M., Furuuchi, M., Putri, R. M., . . . Phairuang, W. (2024). Size-fractionated carbonaceous particles and climate effects in the eastern region of Myanmar. Particuology, 90, 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2023.11.010

Size-fractionated carbonaceous particles and climate effects in the eastern region of Myanmar

Mai Kai Suan Tial^a, Nwe Nwe Kyi^a, Muhammad Amin ^{b c}, Mitsuhiko Hata ^b, Masami Furuuchi ^b, Rahmi Mulia Putri ^d, Phakphum Paluang^e, Phuchiwan Suriyawong ^f, Worradorn Phairuang ^b *

a Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Yangon Technological University, Yangon, 11011, Myanmar
b Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
c Faculty of Engineering, Maritim University of Raja Ali Haji, Tanjung Pinang, Kepulauan Riau 29115, Indonesia
d Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
e Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
f Research Unit for Energy Economics and Ecological Management, Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand

10.1016/j.partic.2023.11.010

Volume 90, July 2024, Pages 31-40

Received 30 September 2023, Revised 9 November 2023, Accepted 9 November 2023, Available online 20 November 2023, Version of Record 17 December 2023.

E-mail: pworradorn@se.kanazawa-u.ac.jp; worradorn@gmail.com

Highlights

• Size-fractionated particulate matters (PM_10-2.5, PM_2.5-1.0, PM_1.0-0.5) in Myanmar were examined.

• Organic carbon and elemental carbon in Myanmar contained the highest in PM_1.0-0.5 during the dry season.

• The influence of open biomass burning was greater during the dry season.

• Effective carbon ratio suggested that finer particles contribute more to global warming.

Abstract

This study reports on an investigation of fine and coarse carbonaceous particulate matters (PM) in Tachileik, eastern Myanmar, during the dry and wet seasons of 2022. The carbon compositions, including organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), in each size (PM_10-2.5, PM_2.5-1.0, and PM_1.0-0.5) were determined by a carbon analyzer. The average total mass concentration of the three fractions of particle samples during the dry season was higher (51.23 ± 23.86 μg/m³) than that of the wet season (14.00 ± 5.26 μg/m³). The results indicate that OC and EC levels were highest for PM_1.0-0.5 during the dry season and the sizes were similar for both seasons. The OC/EC ratios varied in different seasons, from 1.93 to 4.40 and 4.13 to 5.25 in the dry and wet seasons, respectively. EC was sub-divided into char-EC and soot-EC; the char-EC/soot-EC in the dry season was higher than in the wet season, signifying that biomass burning is the main particle source during the dry season. However, vehicle emissions dominated during the wet season. The effective carbon ratio (ECR) suggested that finer particles contributed more to global warming. This information is important in terms of air quality control and mitigation in Myanmar and elsewhere.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Air quality; Biomass burning; Carbon; Coarse particles; Fine particles; Myanmar

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