Computational modelling of gas–liquid–solid multiphase free surface flow with and without evaporation--颗粒学报PARTICUOLOGY

Xia, H., & Kamlah, M. (2024). Computational modelling of gas–liquid–solid multiphase free surface flow with and without evaporation. Particuology, 90, 218-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2023.12.004

Computational modelling of gas–liquid–solid multiphase free surface flow with and without evaporation

Huihuang Xia^*, Marc Kamlah

Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany

10.1016/j.partic.2023.12.004

Volume 90, July 2024, Pages 218-235

Received 17 August 2023, Revised 17 November 2023, Accepted 8 December 2023, Available online 19 December 2023, Version of Record 12 January 2024.

E-mail: huihuang.xia@kit.edu

Highlights

• A variable-density resolved computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD-DEM) framework for multiphase systems is presented.

• An improved surface-tension-dominant framework is incorporated into this work.

• The evaporation of the liquid phase is implemented in the resolved CFD-DEM model.

• An improved yet simple capillary force model has been developed in this work.

• The performance of the numerical framework is demonstrated by benchmark cases.

Abstract

Gas–liquid–solid multiphase systems are ubiquitous in engineering applications, e.g. inkjet printing, spray drying and coating. Developing a numerical framework for modelling these multiphase systems is of great significance. An improved, resolved computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD-DEM) framework is developed to model the multiphase free surface flow with and without evaporation. An improved capillary force model is developed to compute the capillary interactions for partially floating particles at a free surface. Three well-known benchmark cases, namely drag coefficient calculation, the single sphere settling, and drafting-kissing-tumbling of two particles are conducted to validate the resolved CFD-DEM model. It turns out that the resolved CFD-DEM model developed in this paper can accurately calculate the fluid–solid interactions and predict the trajectory of solid particles interacting with the liquid phase. Numerical demonstrations, namely two particles moving along a free surface when the liquid phase evaporates, and particle transport and accumulations inside an evaporating sessile droplet show the performance of the resolved model.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Capillary force; Discrete element method; Liquid bridge; Particle transport; Resolved CFD-DEM; Volume of fluid

文章导读