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Volume 105
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Effect of particle surface modification on the onset of spouting in a rectangular spouted bed
Ritesh Raman a, Nebha K. Chavda a, Palash K. Mollick b, Subhankar Manna c, Aniruddha B. Pandit d, Partha S. Goswami a *
a Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
b Glass and Advanced Materials Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
c Uranium Extraction Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
d Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
10.1016/j.partic.2025.06.016
Volume 105, October 2025, Pages 22-35
Received 19 March 2025, Revised 11 June 2025, Accepted 18 June 2025, Available online 17 July 2025, Version of Record 29 July 2025.
E-mail: psg@iitb.ac.in
Highlights

• Detailed PIV analysis of spouting behavior in a rectangular spouted bed.

• Particle surface modification plays a vital role in the spouting behavior.

• Cohesive coatings on particle lead to formation of large bubbles in spouting process.


Abstract

Experiments were conducted in a rectangular spouted bed to study the effect of surface modification of the particles on the gas-solid hydrodynamics. The surface was modified by doing coating the particles with acrylic paint. A completely different solid flow pattern was observed at the onset of spouting when coated particles were used. Instead of forming a cavity at the gas entry nozzle, particles from the top of the bed were fluidized at a particular gas flow rate, and a crack propagated downwards. After that, a big gas bubble formed at the bottom, which subsequently underwent bursting with the release of pressure. We report such hitherto unknown phenomena for a shallow granular bed for the first time. Instantaneous particle dynamics have been characterized using high-speed imaging. It is deduced that the cohesiveness of coated particles is the controlling parameter for this anomalous spouting behavior. Peak pressure drop and the corresponding superficial gas velocity for coated glass beads are more significant than uncoated particles for the same static bed height. A homogenous mixture of uncoated and coated glass beads exhibited bed characteristics as that of pure coated particles if the volume fraction of coated particles is greater than 20 %.

Graphical abstract
Keywords
Spouted bed; PIV experiment; Surface coating
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