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Volume 105
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Influence of pellet geometry within the thermal degradation process of biomass: Computational model of a fluidized bed reactor
Camilo Andrés López a b *, Tatiana Camila Puentes-Escobar b
a Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad ECCI, 111311, Bogotá, Colombia
b Corporación Centro De Desarrollo Tecnológico De Las Pasifloras De Colombia CEPASS, 418060, San Agustín, Colombia
10.1016/j.partic.2025.07.021
Volume 105, October 2025, Pages 95-103
Received 6 November 2024, Revised 10 July 2025, Accepted 29 July 2025, Available online 13 August 2025, Version of Record 21 August 2025.
E-mail: calopezsa@unal.edu.co; tatiana.puentes@cepass.org
Highlights

• Cylindrical and ellipsoidal pellets improve thermal efficiency in pyrolysis.

• Smaller pellets decompose faster due to better heat transfer.

• Pellet geometry has little impact on formation of specific products.

• Pellets with non-spherical geometries can improve industrial reactors performance.


Abstract

The influence of pellet geometry on the biomass pyrolysis process within a fluidized bed reactor is analyzed. Using a computational model based on the Core Shrinking Model (CSM), the effects of pellet size, density and geometry (spherical, cylindrical and ellipsoidal) on heat and mass transfer, as well as on the thermal degradation efficiency, were investigated. The results indicate that cylindrical and ellipsoidal geometries have better efficiency in heat and mass transfer compared to spherical geometry, due to their greater surface-to-volume ratio. Furthermore, it was observed that pellets with smaller equivalent particle diameters decompose more quickly due to their higher heat transfer efficiency. However, the study also reveals that the formation of pellets with specific geometries has a limited impact on the formation of a particular product. These findings have significant implications for the optimization of reactor design and selection of pellet geometries to improve the efficiency of biomass pyrolysis processes.

Graphical abstract
Keywords
Biomass; Thermal degradation; Pellet geometry; Core shrinking model
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