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Volume 111
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Anion coordination strength mediated aluminum corrosion for high-voltage lithium-metal batteries
Han Chen a, Tong Wu a, Jinhao Zhang a, Xiaozhong Fan a, Wenping Ju a, Jinxiu Chen a, Lin Zhu b *, Haoxiong Nan c, Shujing Ni d, Peng Li e *, Long Kong a *
a Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
b Air Defense and Antimissile School, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710100, China
c School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
d Digital Energy Research Institute, LinchrNewEnergy Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710100, China
e CATARC New Energy Vehicle Research and Inspection Center (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300300, China
10.1016/j.partic.2026.01.019
Volume 111, April 2026, Pages 50-57
Received 30 December 2025, Revised 12 January 2026, Accepted 19 January 2026, Available online 27 January 2026, Version of Record 14 February 2026.
E-mail: zhulin_chem@126.com; lipeng2024@catarc.ac.cn; iamlkong@nwpu.edu.cn
Highlights

• Inhibiting aluminum corrosion from the perspective of solvation structures.

• DFOB− anions can effectively reduce the concentration of free anions in the electrolyte.

• LiDFOB-based electrolyte solvation structure endures cell operating over 5.5 V.

• An approach of broadens the options of electrolyte is constructed.


Abstract

While high-voltage lithium-metal batteries are severely hindered limitations of active materials and electrolytes, the corrosion of aluminum (Al) current collector attract mild attention. In this work, the Al corrosion behavior mediated by anion is probed from the electrolyte solvation chemistry. The strong coordination strength of difluoro (oxalato)borate (DFOB−) anion effectively binds with Al3+, forming the contact ion pairs and aggregates structures. Compare with solvent-separated ion pairs, these structures with Al3+ complex deposit more readily on Al surface, exhibiting excellent capability to inhibit Al corrosion. The performance of Li||NCM622 cells employing lithium salts that inhibit Al corrosion is improved. This result confirms the detrimental impact of Al corrosion on battery performance under high-voltage cell operation, contributing to a deeper understanding of that the strong coordination strength anion inhibits Al corrosion and provides valuable insights for designing electrolytes for high-voltage batteries.

Graphical abstract
Keywords
High voltage; Anion coordination strength; Al corrosion; Solvation structure; Lithium metal battery
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