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Volume 112
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A multi-dimensional analysis of microporous materials for advancing CO2 capture
Yi Zhang a b 1, Liangwei Hu a b 1, Yuan Lu a b *
a State Key Laboratory of Green Biomanufacturing, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
b Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
10.1016/j.partic.2026.03.004
Volume 112, May 2026, Pages 235-246
Received 29 December 2025, Revised 15 February 2026, Accepted 3 March 2026, Available online 17 March 2026, Version of Record 26 March 2026.
E-mail: yuanlu@tsinghua.edu.cn
Highlights

• Zeolites and metal-organic frameworks were synthesized for CO2 capture.

• The material adsorption capacity, stability, and selectivity were evaluated.

• The effect of modification on adsorption in a humid environment was investigated.

• The challenge of SO2 co-adsorption for CO2 adsorbents was revealed.


Abstract

The escalating atmospheric CO2 concentration calls for advanced carbon capture solutions. However, developing a stable and efficient adsorbent with high selectivity for CO2 capture remains a significant challenge. Microporous materials capture CO2 primarily through physisorption based on pore structure and van der Waals forces. In this study, three silicon-aluminum zeolite molecular sieve materials were synthesized and hydrophilic modification of ZIF-8 was achieved through post-synthetic coordination with polyethylene glycol. A systematic comparison of the CO2 adsorption performance of these materials under different conditions was then conducted. Zeolites exhibited exceptional thermal stability (<5% mass loss from 25 to 800 °C under an air atmosphere) and cyclability (retaining >95% of initial adsorption capacity throughout cycling), outperforming ZIF-8 analogues. 85-nm zeolite achieved the optimal CO2 uptake (1.8 mmol g−1) at 25 °C and ZIF-8 showed the best humidity resistance (40% decrease at 80% RH). Additionally, ZSM-5 exhibited enhanced gas retention of 1498 s, indicating superior CO2 adsorption affinity. These results demonstrate the excellent thermal stability and cycling stability of the zeolite materials. This study provides actionable insights for future material design: 1) prioritizing zeolite-based frameworks for scenarios requiring long-term cyclic stability and thermal robustness; 2) optimizing pore size and surface properties to balance adsorption capacity and selectivity; 3) developing anti-poisoning modifications targeting SO2 competitive adsorption in flue gas.

Graphical abstract
Keywords
Carbon capture; Adsorption; Microporous materials; Zeolite; Metal-organic framework
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