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Volume 115
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Isothermal sorption-enhanced biomass gasification for hydrogen-rich syngas production using SrMnO3 redox-activated CO2 sorbents in a fluidized bed (Open Access)
Runxia Cai a 1 2, Mahe Rukh a 1, Andrew Jones b, Leo Brody a, Alexandra Pierce a, Mahdi Niknam Shahrak a, Stephen Kelly b, Sunkyu Park b *, Fanxing Li a *
a Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
b Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
10.1016/j.partic.2026.05.018
Volume 115, August 2026, Pages 256-266
Received 8 April 2026, Revised 22 May 2026, Accepted 24 May 2026, Available online 29 May 2026, Version of Record 10 June 2026.
E-mail: spark@ncsu.edu; fli5@ncsu.edu
Highlights

• Redox-active sorbent enables isothermal sorption enhanced steam gasification (SESG).

• Isothermal SESG leads to six-fold increase in H2 yield.

• SrMnO3-δ shows excellent cyclic stability and ash tolerance.

• SESG improves cold gas efficiency with better syngas quality.


Abstract

Sorption-enhanced steam gasification (SESG) represents a promising route for hydrogen-rich syngas production. However, the rapid deactivation of conventional CaO-based sorbents, and the efficiency loss associated with the high temperature sorbent regeneration step, remain as critical challenges. In this study, a redox-activated SrMnO3 sorbent was used for isothermal SESG of biomass in a fluidized-bed to investigate fuel flexibility, torrefaction effects, and long-term stability. Four biomass feedstocks as well as their torrefied counterparts were evaluated. All untreated feedstocks produced hydrogen-rich syngas with H2 concentration >60% and H2/CO ratios >4 under isothermal operation at 850 °C. Torrefaction decreased H2 purity and syngas yield due to reduced volatile matter content. Long-term experiments in both a fluidized-bed reactor and TGA demonstrated excellent cyclic stability of SrMnO3 and strong ash resistance. The structural and compositional properties of the sorbents were characterized in detail, confirming the chemical and structural stability of the SrMnO3 sorbent during prolonged cyclic operation. Process simulation further showed that SESG of biomass significantly enhanced cold gas efficiency while maintaining a comparable heat demand compared to state-of-the-art indirect biomass gasification. Overall, SrMnO3 exhibits strong potential as a robust sorbent for efficient and flexible biomass-to-hydrogen conversion.

Graphical abstract
Keywords
Gasification; Hydrogen; Sorbent; Carbon dioxide; Fluidized bed
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